UV Disinfection Robot For COVID-19

• Problem statement

What are we dealing with here ?

I. Excessive use of resources to disinfect / sanitize large areas frequently.

II. Difficulty in disinfecting/sanitizing porous objects, electronic appliances, etc.

Frequent disinfection has become todays need due to the pandemic. The large areas where people gather in groups are needed to disinfected frequently. Using liquid based sanitizers frequently lead to excessive use of resource. Also there are some bad people who mix water in sanitizers to increase its volume and thus selling it to make extra profit. There is no way for common man to distinguish between original and faulty sanitizer. Also there are some objects whose shelf life may get hampered due to alcohol present in liquid sanitizers. The alcohol based sanitizers cannot be used to disinfect electrical switches, appliances, etc. as alcohol may cause any fire situation.

• Solution UV(Ultra violet) Light is the solution.

I. Ultraviolet (UV) light :

A. form of electromagnetic radiation

B. wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm.

II. Types of UV :

A. UV-A  B. UV-B  C. UV-C

The UV-C light is used for the germicidal action, medical use, etc. As evident by multiple research studies and reports, when biological organisms are exposed to deep UV light in the range of 200 nm to 300 nm it is absorbed by DNA, RNA and proteins. Absorption by proteins can lead to rupture of cell walls and death of the organism. Absorption by DNA or RNA (specifically by thymine bases) is known to cause inactivation of the DNA or RNA double helix strands through the formation of thymine dimers. If enough of these dimers are created in DNA, the DNA replication process is disrupted, and the cell cannot replicate. The UV-C wavelength varies from 200nm to 280nm. Typically to kill COVID virus 254.8nm UV light is required.

• BUT… There is a Glitch

Over exposure of UV light can be very harmful. Exposing human body towards UV light can cause many diseases like to the various body parts. If human body is exposed to UV for longer period it can cause acute and chronic harmful effects on the eye, skin, etc. So while BOT is disinfecting a large area it is mandatory that no living being gets exposed to UV light. To encounter this PIR motion sensors can be installed on robot. If any motion is detected the UV light will get automatically turned off.

Putting it all together considering the possible risks I have developed an Automated UV Disinfection BOT. It uses a very basic working principle. It works on the principle of line follower. The Line Follower Robot is a basic robot that follows a specific path indicated by a line (usually a black line on a light colored surface) having some particular width. When robot is placed on the fixed path, it follows the path by detecting the line. The robot direction of motion depends on the two sensors outputs. When the two sensors are on the line of path, robot moves forward. If the left sensor moves away from the line, robot moves towards right. Similarly, if right sensor moves away from the path, robot moves towards its left. Whenever robot moves away from its path it is detected by the IR sensor.

 Presentation : https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1yM2IMUBl2tGJJG-5t858M0mNfLZqA5Hn/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=107848231721151884706&rtpof=true&sd=true

Photos Of Robot : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DS4MlcrcnJ6-pNuFwFhmEKNocuOovJtT/view?usp=sharing

Code 
#include<reg51.h>
sbit mot1=P2^0;
sbit mot2=P2^1;
sbit mot3=P2^2;
sbit mot4=P2^3;

sbit s_left=P2^6;
sbit s_right=P2^7;

void forward (void);
void backward (void);
void left (void);
void right (void);

void forward (void)
{
  mot1=0;
	mot2=1;
	mot3=1;
	mot4=0;
}
void backward (void)
{
  mot1=0;
	mot2=1;
	mot3=0;
	mot4=1;
}
void left (void)
{
  mot1=0;
	mot2=1;
	mot3=0;
	mot4=0;
}
void right (void)
{
  mot1=0;
	mot2=0;
	mot3=1;
	mot4=0;
}
void stop (void)
{
  mot1=0;
	mot2=0;
	mot3=0;
	mot4=0;
}



void main()
{
	s_left=1;
	s_right=1;
	while(1)
	{ 
	 if(s_left==0 && s_right==0)
	 {
		 forward();
	 }
	 else if(s_left==1 && s_right==1)
	 {
		 stop();
	 }
	 else if(s_left==0 && s_right==1)
	 {
		 left();
	 }
	 else if(s_left==1 && s_right==0)
	 {
		 right();
	 }
 }
}

Thank You