Circuit Diagram

The following image shows the circuit diagram of the Smart parking using Arduino. It is a very simple design as the project involves only two components other than Arduino.

Components Required

• Arduino UNO

• Infrared  Sensor Module

• TowerPro SG90 Servo Motor

• Connecting Wires

• Breadboard

• Miscellaneous (glue, plastic tube, etc.)

STEPS INVOLVED IN THIS PROJECT

1. Preparing & Programming Arduino

2. Connecting the Sensors to Arduino

3. Preparing Arduino UNO

4. Preparing ESP8266 wifi module

5. Developing Web Application

6. Developing Android Application

7. Completing the Project

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND CONNECTIONS

As you can see six infrared sensors are connected with the Arduino pins 4 to 9. The infrared sensor VCC pins are connected with the Arduino’s 5v. Grounds are connected with the Arduino’s Ground while the out pins of all the infrared sensors are connected with pin 4 to 9.

The Nodemcu module tx and Rx pins are connected with pin2 and pin3 of the Arduino. while the Vin pin of the Nodemcu module is connected with the output of the voltage regulator. This is a regulated 5v power supply based on the lm7805 voltage regulator.

Two 470uf capacitors are connected at the input and output side of the regulator.  A 330-ohm resistor is connected in series with a 2.5v led. This is a current limiting resistor. While J1 is a dc female socket, over here you can connect a 12v adaptor or battery. But you can also power up the Nodemcu module using your laptop USB port. I will be using two USB cables, I cable will be used for powering up the Arduino and the other USB cable will be used to power up the Nodemcu.

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

This section describes the high-level architecture for the smart parking system along with system architecture. The parking system that we propose comprises various factors that work in sync with one another. Multiple parking areas could be interconnected to a cloud storage via IoT pathway for centralization of data. The primary actors that constitute the parking system are:

• Parking Sensors: Using sensors in each parking space that detect the presence or absence of a vehicle, signs direct incoming drivers to available locations.

Figure 1: Operation of IR sensor

• Processing Unit: In this project we are using Arduino uno to process the required data and to transmit the data through the internet.

• Mobile application: The mobile application acts like an interface for the end users to interact with the system. The application is developed using blynk and android studio.

• The Cloud: The data from the ESP8266 WIFI module is stored to the cloud and we can retrieve the data remotely with the help of internet connection.

CONCLUSION

The concept of Smart Cities has always been a dream for humanity. Since the past couple of years large advancements have been made in making smart cities a reality. The growth of Internet of Things and Cloud technologies have given rise to new possibilities in terms of smart cities. Smart parking facilities and traffic management systems have always been at the core of constructing smart cities. In this paper, we address the issue of parking and present an IoT based Cloud integrated smart parking system. The system that we propose provides real time information regarding availability of parking slots in a parking area. Users from remote locations could book a parking slot for them by the use of our mobile application. The efforts made in this paper are intended to improve the parking facilities of a city and thereby aiming to enhance the quality of life of its people.